Meyers Taylor, the silver medalist at the 2014 Winter Olympics, and brakeman Cherrelle Garrett won by 0.61 seconds over two runs from Canada's Kaillie Humphries and Melissa Lotholz.
"Winning six gold medals this season is incredible, and it's a huge testament to how hard Cherrelle, the coaches and all of my teammates worked this season," Meyers Taylor said.
The American missed Olympic gold on the same Sochi track last year when she lost by one-tenth of a second to Humphries.
"I don't think it's sunk in yet," she said. "It felt so good to come back here and to face everything that happened last year."
Third place went to the U.S. duo of Jamie Greubel Poser and Lauren Gibbs, who missed out on silver by 0.01.
"It definitely feels great to come away with a medal here," Greubel Poser said. "We were so close to silver, just one-hundredth of a second, but I can't dwell on it."
